SELECT 
  a.*, 
  b.option_name, 
  b.internal_option_name, 
  b.option_text, 
  b.description, 
  b.inner_hint, 
  b.incorrect_message, 
  b.comment 
FROM 
  cscart_product_options as a 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_options_descriptions as b ON a.option_id = b.option_id 
  AND b.lang_code = 'ru' 
WHERE 
  a.product_id IN (
    232, 230, 231, 79, 239, 238, 23, 255, 5, 
    8, 1, 165, 166, 167, 101, 164, 148, 149, 
    124, 150, 12, 172, 177, 188, 181, 236, 
    174
  ) 
  AND a.status = 'A' 
ORDER BY 
  a.position

Query time 0.00115

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "read_sorted_file": {
          "filesort": {
            "sort_key": "a.position",
            "table": {
              "table_name": "a",
              "access_type": "ALL",
              "possible_keys": ["c_status"],
              "rows": 14,
              "filtered": 100,
              "attached_condition": "a.product_id in (232,230,231,79,239,238,23,255,5,8,1,165,166,167,101,164,148,149,124,150,12,172,177,188,181,236,174) and a.`status` = 'A'"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "b",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "9",
          "used_key_parts": ["option_id", "lang_code"],
          "ref": ["cscart.a.option_id", "const"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "trigcond(b.lang_code = 'ru')"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}